如何在Oracle里設(shè)置訪問(wèn)多個(gè)SQL Server數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)？假設(shè)我們要在Oracle里同時(shí)能訪問(wèn)SQL Server里默認(rèn)的pubs和Northwind兩個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。 1、在安裝了Oracle9i Standard Edition或者Oracle9i Enterprise Edition的windows機(jī)器上(IP:192.168.0.2), 產(chǎn)品要選了透明網(wǎng)關(guān)(Oracle Transparent Gateway)里訪問(wèn)Microsoft SQL Server數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)：ORACLE9I_HOMEtg4msqladmin下新寫initpubs.ora和initnorthwind.ora配置文件。 initpubs.ora內(nèi)容如下: HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO='SERVER=SQLSERVER_HOSTNMAE;DATABASE=pubs' HS_DB_NAME=pubsHS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVERinitnorthwind.ora內(nèi)容如下: HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO='SERVER=sqlserver_hostname;DATABASE=Northwind' HS_DB_NAME=Northwind HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF HS_FDS_RECOVERY_ACCOUNT=RECOVER HS_FDS_RECOVERY_PWD=RECOVER$ORACLE9I_HOMEnetworkadmin 下listener.ora內(nèi)容如下: LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ) SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = test9) (ORACLE_HOME = d:oracleora92) (SID_NAME = test9) ) (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=pubs) (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92) (PROGRAM=tg4msql) ) (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=northwind) (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92) (PROGRAM=tg4msql) ) )　 重啟動(dòng)這臺(tái)做gateway的Windows機(jī)器上(IP:192.168.0.2)TNSListener服務(wù)(凡是按此步驟新增可訪問(wèn)的SQL Server數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)時(shí)，TNSListener服務(wù)都要重啟動(dòng))。 2、Oracle8i、Oracle9i的服務(wù)器端配置tnsnames.ora, 添加下面的內(nèi)容: pubs = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = pubs) ) (HS = pubs) ) northwind = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = northwind) ) (HS = northwind) )保存tnsnames.ora后,在命令行下： tnsping pubs tnsping northwind出現(xiàn)類似提示，即為成功: Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2) (PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = pubs)) (HS = pubs)) OK（20毫秒） Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2) (PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = northwind)) (HS = northwind))OK（20毫秒）設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)參數(shù)global_names=false，不要求建立的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)鏈接和目的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的全局名稱一致。global_names=true則要求, 多少有些不方便。 oracle9i和oracle8i都可以在DBA用戶下用SQL命令改變global_names參數(shù)alter system set global_names=false，建立公有的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)鏈接: create public database link pubs connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'pubs'; create public database link northwind connect to testuser identified by testuser_pwd using 'northwind';(假設(shè)SQL Server下pubs和northwind已有足夠權(quán)限的用戶登陸testuser,密碼為testuser_pwd) 訪問(wèn)SQL Server下數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)里的數(shù)據(jù): select * from stores@pubs; ...... ......select * from region@northwind; ...... ......3、使用時(shí)的注重事項(xiàng)： ORACLE通過(guò)訪問(wèn)SQL Server的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)鏈接時(shí)，用select * 的時(shí)候字段名是用雙引號(hào)引起來(lái)的。 例如： create table stores as select * from stores@pubs; select zip from stores； ERROR 位于第 1 行: ORA-00904: 無(wú)效列名 select 'zip' from stores; zip ----- 98056 92789 96745 98014 90019 89076已選擇6行,用SQL Navigator或Toad看從SQL Server轉(zhuǎn)移到ORACLE里的表的建表語(yǔ)句為: CREATE TABLE stores ('stor_id' CHAR(4) NOT NULL, 'stor_name' VARCHAR2(40), 'stor_address' VARCHAR2(40), 'city' VARCHAR2(20), 'state' CHAR(2), 'zip' CHAR(5)) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 TABLESPACE users STORAGE ( INITIAL 131072 NEXT 131072 PCTINCREASE 0 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645 )總結(jié): Windows下Oracle9i網(wǎng)關(guān)服務(wù)器在$Oracle9i_HOMEtg4msqladmin目錄下的initsqlserver_databaseid.ora。Windows下Oracle9i網(wǎng)關(guān)服務(wù)器listener.ora里面： (SID_DESC= (SID_NAME=sqlserver_databaseid) (ORACLE_HOME=d:OracleOra92) (PROGRAM=tg4msql) )UNIX或WINDOWS下ORACLE8I,ORACLE9I服務(wù)器tnsnames.ora里面： northwind = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.2)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SID = sqlserver_databaseid) ) (HS = sqlserver_databaseid) )需要sqlserver_databaseid一致才行。