本節作為主要講解Spring Data的環境搭建

JPA Spring Data :致力于減少數據訪問層(DAO)的開發量。開發者唯一要做的就是聲明持久層的接口，其他都交給Spring Data JPA來幫你完成！

使用Spring Data JPA進行持久層開發需要的四個步驟：

配置Spring 整合 JPA 在Spring配置文件中配置Spring Data,讓Spring 為聲明的接口創建代理對象。配置了<jpa:repositories>后，Spring 初始化容器時將會掃描base-package 指定的包目錄及其子目錄，為繼承Repository或其子接口的接口創建代理對象，并將代理對象注冊為SpringBean，業務層便可以通過Spring的自動封裝的特性來直接使用該對象。 聲明持久層的接口，該接口繼承Repository。Repository是一個標記型接口，它不包含任何方法，如必要，Spring Data 可實現Repository其他子接口，其中定義了一些常用的增刪改查，以及分頁相關的方法。 在接口中聲明需要的方法。Spring Data將根據給定的策略，來為其生成實現代碼。

環境搭建

　1.所需要的包

① 加入spring包

spring-aop-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar spring-aspects-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar spring-beans-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar spring-context-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar spring-core-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar spring-expression-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar spring-jdbc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar spring-orm-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar spring-tx-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar spring-web-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar spring-webmvc-4.3.8.RELEASE.jar com.springsource.net.sf.cglib-2.2.0.jar com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar commons-logging-1.1.1.jar

② 加入hibernate包

antlr-2.7.7.jar dom4j-1.6.1.jar hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.5.Final.jar hibernate-core-4.3.11.Final.jar hibernate-jpa-2.1-api-1.0.0.Final.jar jandex-1.1.0.Final.jar javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar jboss-logging-3.1.3.GA.jar jboss-logging-annotations-1.2.0.Beta1.jar jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar

③ 加jpa的包

hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.11.Final.jar

④ 加c3p0的包

c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar hibernate-c3p0-4.3.11.Final.jar mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar

⑤ 加mysql的驅動

mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar

⑥加入springData

spring-data-commons-1.6.2.RELEASE.jar spring-data-jpa-1.4.2.RELEASE.jar

⑦加入 slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar

2.Spring Bean配置文件

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <beans xmlns='http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xmlns:context='http://www.springframework.org/schema/context' xmlns:tx='http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx' xmlns:jpa='http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa' xsi:schemaLocation='http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd'> <context:property-placeholder location='classpath:db.properties' /> <!--配置數據源 --> <bean class='com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource'> <property name='user' value='${jdbc.user}'></property> <property name='password' value='${jdbc.password}'></property> <property name='jdbcUrl' value='${jdbc.jdbcUrl}'></property> <property name='driverClass' value='${jdbc.driverClass}'></property> </bean> <!--配置JPA的entityManagerFactory --> <bean class='org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean'> <property name='dataSource' ref='dataSource'></property> <!-- 配置JPA的實現 --> <property name='jpaVendorAdapter'> <bean class='org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter'></bean> </property> <property name='packagesToScan' value='com.ntjr.springdata'></property> <property name='jpaProperties'> <props> <!-- 二級緩存相關 --> <!-- <prop key='hibernate.cache.region.factory_class'>org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory</prop> <prop key='net.sf.ehcache.configurationResourceName'>ehcache-hibernate.xml</prop> --> <!-- 生成的數據表的列的映射策略 --> <prop key='hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy'>org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop> <!-- hibernate 基本屬性 --> <prop key='hibernate.dialect'>org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop> <prop key='hibernate.show_sql'>true</prop> <prop key='hibernate.format_sql'>true</prop> <prop key='hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto'>update</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!--配置事物管理器 --> <bean class='org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager'> <property name='entityManagerFactory' ref='entityManagerFactory'></property> </bean> <!-- 配置支持注解的事物 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager='transactionManager' /> <!--配置springData --> <!--base-package:掃描Repository Bean所在的package --> <jpa:repositories base-package='com.ntjr.springdata' entity-manager-factory-ref='entityManagerFactory' transaction-manager-ref='transactionManager'> </jpa:repositories> </beans>applicationContext.xml

3.數據庫持久類

Person.java

package com.ntjr.springdata; import java.util.Date; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; @Table(name = 'JPA_PERSONS') @Entity public class Person { private Integer id; private String lastName; private String email; private Date birth; @GeneratedValue @Id public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getLastName() { return lastName; } @Column(name = 'LAST_NAME') public void setLastName(String lastName) { this.lastName = lastName; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public Date getBirth() { return birth; } public void setBirth(Date birth) { this.birth = birth; } @Override public String toString() { return 'Person [id=' + id + ', lastName=' + lastName + ', email=' + email + ', birth=' + birth + ']'; } }

4.DAO

PersonRepository.java

package com.ntjr.springdata; import org.springframework.data.repository.Repository; /** * * 1、實現Repository接口 * 2、通過注解的方式@RepositoryDefinition將一個bean定義為Repository接口 */ public interface PersonRepsitory extends Repository<Person, Integer> { // 根據lastName獲取對應的person Person getByLastName(String lastName); }

5.測試

SpringDataTest.java

package com.ntjr.springdata.test; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.ntjr.springdata.Person; import com.ntjr.springdata.PersonRepsitory; public class SpringDataTest { private ApplicationContext ctx = null; { ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext('applicationContext.xml'); } @Test public void getPersonForLastName() { PersonRepsitory personRepsitory = ctx.getBean(PersonRepsitory.class); Person person = personRepsitory.getByLastName('AA'); System.out.println(person); } }

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